Babies born at abnormally high or low weights have a higher risk of developing autism when they grow up, research from the University of Manchester suggests.
The study, which examined the link between foetal growth and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), was the largest of its kind to date.
Professor Kathryn Abel, of the University’s Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, led the research.
She said: “We have shown for the first time categorically that abnormal foetal growth in both directions increases risk of autism spectrum disorder.”
Autism is a communication disorder which affects one in every 100 children in the UK alone according to NHS figures.
A defining trait of ASD is that patients will have impairments with social interaction, communication and imagination; the impact of an affliction can be huge for a child and their family throughout their lives.
The results of the study showed that a higher probability of developing ASD occurred in children who had birth weights of below 5.5lbs and above 9lbs and 14 ounces. A baby with poor growth has a 63% chance of developing ASD, whilst a baby who was large at birth has a 60% chance.
As there is no cure for ASD yet, the results from this research may be vital in the search for possible cures.
Professor Abel said: “We now need more research into foetal growth, how it is controlled by the placenta and how this affects how the brain develops. One of the key areas to research is maternal condition and healthy growth.”
Picture courtesy of Trevor Bair, with thanks.
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